A serial number is a unique, identifying number or group of numbers and letters assigned to an individual piece of hardware or software. Other things have serial numbers as well, though, including banknotes and other similar documents.
The idea behind serial numbers is to identify a specific item, much like how a fingerprint identifies a specific person. Instead of some names or numbers that specify a whole range of products, a serial number is intended to provide a unique number to one device at a time.
Hardware serial numbers are embedded in the device, while software or virtual serial numbers are sometimes applied to the user who will be using the software. In other words, a serial number used for software programs are tied to the purchaser, not that specific copy of the program.
The term serial number is often shortened to just S/N or SN, especially when the word precedes an actual serial number on something. Serial numbers are also sometimes, but not often, referred to as serial codes.
Serial Numbers Are Unique
It's important to distinguish serial numbers from other identifying codes or numbers. In short, serial numbers are unique.
For example, a model number for a router might be EA2700 but that's true for every single Linksys EA2700 router; the model numbers are identical while each of their serial numbers is unique to each particular component.
As an example, if Linksys sold 100 EA2700 routers in one day from their website, every one of those devices would have 'EA2700' somewhere on them and they would look identical to the naked eye. However, each device, when first built, had serial numbers printed on most of the components that are not the same as the others bought that day (or any day).
UPC Codes are common as well but are actually not unique like serial numbers. UPC Codes are different than serial numbers because UPC Codes are not unique to each individual piece of hardware or software, as serial numbers are.
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The ISSN used for magazines and ISBN for books is different as well because they're used for whole issues or periodicals and aren't unique for every instance of the copy.
Hardware Serial Numbers
You've probably seen serial numbers many times before. Nearly every piece of the computer has a serial number including your monitor, keyboard, mouse and sometimes even your entire computer system as a whole. Internal computer components like hard drives, optical drives, and motherboards also feature serial numbers.
Serial numbers are used by hardware manufacturers to track individual items, usually for quality control.
For example, if a piece of hardware is recalled for some reason, customers are usually made aware of which particular devices need service by being provided a range of serial numbers.
Serial numbers are also used in non-tech environments like when keeping an inventory of tools borrowed in a lab or shop floor. It's easy to identify which devices need to be returned or which ones have been misplaced because each of them can be identified by their unique serial number.
Software Serial Numbers
Serial numbers for software programs are usually used to help ensure that the program's installation is only performed one time and only on the purchaser's computer. Once the serial number is used and registered with the manufacturer, any future attempt to use that same serial number can raise a red flag since no two serial numbers (from the same software) are alike.
If you're planning on reinstalling a software program you've purchased, you'll sometimes need the serial number to do so. See our guide on how to find a serial key if you need to reinstall some software.
Sometimes, you might find that a software program can attempt to make a serial number for you that you can use to activate a program illegally (since the code wasn't legally purchased). These programs are called keygens (key generators) and should be avoided.
A serial number for a piece of software is not usually the same as a product key but they are sometimes used interchangeably.
You may need a serial number and product key to activate someAutodesk software.
Note: If you are on subscription, you may no longer need toenter a serial number or product key; you just need to signin. Serial numbers are never required for launching productswith network licenses.
Serial Number Locations
![Serial Number 17316730294685 Serial Number 17316730294685](https://www.zoho.com/inventory/help/images/items/comp-serial-number.png)
Idm Serial Number
Serial numbers are unique codes associated with your AutodeskAccount and a particular product that you have purchased or isotherwise available to you. For 2014 versions and later, you canfind them in Autodesk Account, on the Management tab. Depending onyour license type, you may not need a serial number to launch yourproduct.
Autodesk Account
The Management tab of your Autodesk Account page stores theserial numbers and product keys for each licensed product.
Note about serial number visibility in AutodeskAccount: Only account administrators, such as ContractManagers and Software Coordinators, and Named Users with assignedsoftware benefits will see serial numbers in Autodesk Account.You are the account administrator if you purchased a softwaresubscription using your Autodesk Account or were assigned the roleof Contract Manager or Software Coordinator by your company. If youdo not see the software you wish to activate in your Autodeskaccount or see the message 'Contact your admin for serial numbers,'you need to contact the account administrator. Only anadministrator can assign you as a Named User or End User and giveyou permissions to download and activate the software.
Education Community
When students, educators, and educational institutions downloadproducts from the Education Community,the product serial numbers are found in the followinglocations:
- Displayed at the time of download
- Sent by email
- On the Management tab in Autodesk Account
See:FindSerial Numbers & Product Keys for Educational Licenses
Physical Media
Serial Numbers do not appear on software packaging forAutodesk software versions 2014 and newer. Serial numbers for theseversions are emailed to you after you place an order or can befound in AutodeskAccount.
If you have physical media (a DVD or USB key) for a 2013or earlier product, your serial number and productkey will be printed on the label of the productpackaging.
Example of label from 2011 version. Format is similar for 2010- 2013 product releases.
Product Key Locations
Product keys are codes that identify each productversion.
You can find product keys for recent versions of your productin Autodesk Account, on the Management tab.
To look up a product key for a particular product version (2010and later), you can also go to: Look UpProduct Keys.
Older product keys
If you can't find the product key for older versions ofAutodesk software (2013 and later), you may be able to findit in a text file in the installation folder.
To determine if your product key is available inyour installation folder:
- Using your installation media, (USB key, DVD, download folder,etc.) navigate to the folder that contains the setup.exefile for your Autodesk product.
- In that folder, look for a file named MID.txt,MID01.txt, MID02.txt or some variation on thatname.
- Open this file in Notepad and verify that the product name iscorrect.
- The first five characters of the part number should also be theproduct key for that product.
Example:
MID:Autodesk_Design_Suite_Ultimate_2012_64bit_SWL_ENU_C009_EXE1
Product Name: Autodesk Design Suite Ultimate 2012
Platform: Windows XP/Vista/Win7
Media: ESD
Part Number: 769D1-05Y001-P503E,769D1-05Y001-P504E
See Also:
A serial number is a unique, identifying number or group of numbers and letters assigned to an individual piece of hardware or software. Other things have serial numbers as well, though, including banknotes and other similar documents.
The idea behind serial numbers is to identify a specific item, much like how a fingerprint identifies a specific person. Instead of some names or numbers that specify a whole range of products, a serial number is intended to provide a unique number to one device at a time.
Hardware serial numbers are embedded in the device, while software or virtual serial numbers are sometimes applied to the user who will be using the software. In other words, a serial number used for software programs are tied to the purchaser, not that specific copy of the program.
The term serial number is often shortened to just S/N or SN, especially when the word precedes an actual serial number on something. Serial numbers are also sometimes, but not often, referred to as serial codes.
Serial Numbers Are Unique
It's important to distinguish serial numbers from other identifying codes or numbers. In short, serial numbers are unique.
For example, a model number for a router might be EA2700 but that's true for every single Linksys EA2700 router; the model numbers are identical while each of their serial numbers is unique to each particular component.
As an example, if Linksys sold 100 EA2700 routers in one day from their website, every one of those devices would have 'EA2700' somewhere on them and they would look identical to the naked eye. However, each device, when first built, had serial numbers printed on most of the components that are not the same as the others bought that day (or any day).
UPC Codes are common as well but are actually not unique like serial numbers. UPC Codes are different than serial numbers because UPC Codes are not unique to each individual piece of hardware or software, as serial numbers are.
The ISSN used for magazines and ISBN for books is different as well because they're used for whole issues or periodicals and aren't unique for every instance of the copy.
Hardware Serial Numbers
You've probably seen serial numbers many times before. Nearly every piece of the computer has a serial number including your monitor, keyboard, mouse and sometimes even your entire computer system as a whole. Internal computer components like hard drives, optical drives, and motherboards also feature serial numbers.
Serial numbers are used by hardware manufacturers to track individual items, usually for quality control.
For example, if a piece of hardware is recalled for some reason, customers are usually made aware of which particular devices need service by being provided a range of serial numbers.
Serial numbers are also used in non-tech environments like when keeping an inventory of tools borrowed in a lab or shop floor. It's easy to identify which devices need to be returned or which ones have been misplaced because each of them can be identified by their unique serial number.
Software Serial Numbers
Serial numbers for software programs are usually used to help ensure that the program's installation is only performed one time and only on the purchaser's computer. Once the serial number is used and registered with the manufacturer, any future attempt to use that same serial number can raise a red flag since no two serial numbers (from the same software) are alike.
If you're planning on reinstalling a software program you've purchased, you'll sometimes need the serial number to do so. See our guide on how to find a serial key if you need to reinstall some software.
Sometimes, you might find that a software program can attempt to make a serial number for you that you can use to activate a program illegally (since the code wasn't legally purchased). These programs are called keygens (key generators) and should be avoided.
A serial number for a piece of software is not usually the same as a product key but they are sometimes used interchangeably.
Serial Number Idm Gratis
An identifier is a name that identifies (that is, labels the identity of) either a unique object or a unique class of objects, where the 'object' or class may be an idea, physical [countable] object (or class thereof), or physical [noncountable] substance (or class thereof). The abbreviation ID often refers to identity, identification (the process of identifying), or an identifier (that is, an instance of identification). An identifier may be a word, number, letter, symbol, or any combination of those.
The words, numbers, letters, or symbols may follow an encoding system (wherein letters, digits, words, or symbols stand for (represent) ideas or longer names) or they may simply be arbitrary. When an identifier follows an encoding system, it is often referred to as a code or ID code. For instance the ISO/IEC 11179 metadata registry standard defines a code as system of valid symbols that substitute for longer values in contrast to identifiers without symbolic meaning. Identifiers that do not follow any encoding scheme are often said to be arbitrary IDs; they are arbitrarily assigned and have no greater meaning. (Sometimes identifiers are called 'codes' even when they are actually arbitrary, whether because the speaker believes that they have deeper meaning or simply because they are speaking casually and imprecisely.)
The unique identifier (UID) is an identifier that refers to only one instance—only one particular object in the universe. A part number is an identifier, but it is not a unique identifier—for that, a serial number is needed, to identify each instance of the part design. Thus the identifier 'Model T' identifies the class(model) of automobiles that Ford's Model T comprises; whereas the unique identifier 'Model T Serial Number 159,862' identifies one specific member of that class—that is, one particular Model T car, owned by one specific person.
The concepts of name and identifier are denotatively equal, and the terms are thus denotatively synonymous; but they are not always connotatively synonymous, because code names and ID numbers are often connotatively distinguished from names in the sense of traditional natural language naming. For example, both 'Jamie Zawinski' and 'Netscape employee number 20' are identifiers for the same specific human being; but normal English-language connotation may consider 'Jamie Zawinski' a 'name' and not an 'identifier', whereas it considers 'Netscape employee number 20' an 'identifier' but not a 'name'. This is an emic indistinction rather than an etic one.
Serial Number Idm Terbaru
- 2In computer science
- 3Ambiguity
Metadata[edit]
In metadata, an identifier is a language-independent label, sign or token that uniquely identifies an object within an identification scheme. The suffix identifier is also used as a representation term when naming a data element.
ID codes may inherently carry metadata along with them. For example, when you know that the food package in front of you has the identifier '2011-09-25T15:42Z-MFR5-P02-243-45', you not only have that data, you also have the metadata that tells you that it was packaged on September 25, 2011, at 3:42pm UTC, manufactured by Licensed Vendor Number 5, at the Peoria, IL, USA plant, in Building 2, and was the 243rd package off the line in that shift, and was inspected by Inspector Number 45.
Arbitrary identifiers might lack metadata. For example, if a food package just says 100054678214, its ID may not tell anything except identity—no date, manufacturer name, production sequence rank, or inspector number. In some cases, arbitrary identifiers such as sequential serial numbers leak information (i.e. the German tank problem). Opaque identifiers—identifiers designed to avoid leaking even that small amount of information—include 'really opaque pointers' and Version 4 UUIDs.
In computer science[edit]
In computer science, identifiers (IDs) are lexicaltokens that name entities. Identifiers are used extensively in virtually all information processing systems. Identifying entities makes it possible to refer to them, which is essential for any kind of symbolic processing.
In computer languages[edit]
In computer languages, identifiers are tokens (also called symbols) which name language entities. Some of the kinds of entities an identifier might denote include variables, types, labels, subroutines, and packages.
Which character sequences constitute identifiers depends on the lexical grammar of the language. A common rule is alphanumeric sequences, with underscore also allowed, and with the condition that it not begin with a digit (to simplify lexing by avoiding confusing with integer literals) – so foo, foo1, foo_bar, _foo
are allowed, but 1foo
is not – this is the definition used in earlier versions of C and C++, Python, and many other languages. Later versions of these languages, along with many other modern languages, support almost all Unicode characters in an identifier. However, a common restriction is not to permit whitespace characters and language operators; this simplifies tokenization by making it free-form and context-free. For example, forbidding +
in identifiers due to its use as a binary operation means that a+b
and a + b
can be tokenized the same, while if it were allowed, a+b
would be an identifier, not an addition. Whitespace in identifier is particularly problematic, as if spaces are allowed in identifiers, then a clause such as if rainy day then 1
is legal, with rainy day
as an identifier, but tokenizing this requires the phrasal context of being in the condition of an if clause. Some languages do allow spaces in identifiers, however, such as ALGOL 68 and some ALGOL variants – for example, the following is a valid statement: real half pi;
which could be entered as .real. half pi;
(keywords are represented in boldface, concretely via stropping). In ALGOL this was possible because keywords are syntactically differentiated, so there is no risk of collision or ambiguity, spaces are eliminated during the line reconstruction phase, and the source was processed via scannerless parsing, so lexing could be context-sensitive.
In most languages, some character sequences have the lexical form of an identifier but are known as keywords – for example, if
is frequently a keyword for an if clause, but lexically is of the same form as ig
or foo
namely a sequence of letters. This overlap can be handled in various ways: these may be forbidden from being identifiers – which simplifies tokenization and parsing – in which case they are reserved words; they may both be allowed but distinguished in other ways, such as via stropping; or keyword sequences may be allowed as identifiers and which sense is determined from context, which requires a context-sensitive lexer. Non-keywords may also be reserved words (forbidden as identifiers), particularly for forward compatibility, in case a word may become a keyword in future. In a few languages, e.g., PL/1, the distinction is not clear.
The scope, or accessibility within a program of an identifier can be either local or global. A global identifier is declared outside of functions and is available throughout the program. A local identifier is declared within a specific function and only available within that function.[1]
While you can install 32-bit software on a 64-bit version of Windows, the opposite is not true - that is, you can not install a 64-bit program on a 32-bit version of Windows. Note: If you're not sure whether to download the version of Office 2013 or 2010, see. In fact, this is the only way to receive cumulative updates to Microsoft Office 2016, which, like Windows 10, no longer receives service packs in the traditional sense. Download Locations for Microsoft Office Service Packs Microsoft Office Version Service Pack Size (MB) Download Office 2013 1 SP1 643.6 SP1 774.0 2 Office 2010 SP2 638.2 SP2 730.4 2 Office 2007 SP3 351.0 Office 2003 SP3 117.7 Note: Office XP SP3 and Office 2000 SP3 downloads are no longer available directly from Microsoft. [1] Microsoft Office 365, the subscription-based version of Office 2013, automatically includes the SP1 updates found in Office 2013.
For implementations of programming languages that are using a compiler, identifiers are often only compile time entities. That is, at runtime the compiled program contains references to memory addresses and offsets rather than the textual identifier tokens (these memory addresses, or offsets, having been assigned by the compiler to each identifier).
In languages that support reflection, such as interactive evaluation of source code (using an interpreter or an incremental compiler), identifiers are also runtime entities, sometimes even as first-class objects that can be freely manipulated and evaluated. In Lisp, these are called symbols.
Compilers and interpreters do not usually assign any semantic meaning to an identifier based on the actual character sequence used. However, there are exceptions.
For example:
- In Perl a variable is indicated using a prefix called a sigil, which specifies aspects of how the variable is interpreted in expressions.
- In Ruby a variable is automatically considered immutable if its identifier starts with a capital letter.
- In Fortran, the first letter in a variable's name indicates whether by default it is created as an integer or floating point variable.
- In Go, the capitalization of the first letter of a variable's name determines its visibility (uppercase for public, lowercase for private).
In some languages such as Go, identifiers uniqueness is based on their spelling and their visibility.[2]
In HTML an identifier is one of the possible attributes of an HTML element. It is unique within the document.
Ambiguity[edit]
Identifiers (IDs) versus Unique identifiers (UIDs)[edit]
Many resources may carry multiple identifiers. Typical examples are:
- One person with multiple names, nicknames, and forms of address (titles, salutations)
- For example: One specific person may be identified by all of the following identifiers: Jane Smith; Jane Elizabeth Meredith Smith; Jane E. M. Smith; Jane E. Smith; Janie Smith; Janie; Little Janie (as opposed to her mother or sister or cousin, Big Janie); Aunt Jane; Auntie Janie; Mom; Grandmom; Nana; Kelly's mother; Billy's grandmother; Ms. Smith; Dr. Smith; Jane E. Smith, PhD; and Fuzzy (her jocular nickname at work).
- One document with multiple versions[3]
- One substance with multiple names (for example, CAS index names versus IUPAC names;[4]INN generic drug names versus USAN generic drug names versus brand names)
The inverse is also possible, where multiple resources are represented with the same identifier (discussed below).
Implicit context and namespace conflicts[edit]
Many codes and nomenclatural systems originate within a small namespace. Over the years, some of them bleed into larger namespaces (as people interact in ways they formerly hadn't, e.g., cross-border trade, scientific collaboration, military alliance, and general cultural interconnection or assimilation). When such dissemination happens, the limitations of the original naming convention, which had formerly been latent and moot, become painfully apparent, often necessitating retronymy, synonymity, translation/transcoding, and so on. Such limitations generally accompany the shift away from the original context to the broader one. Typically the system shows implicit context (context was formerly assumed, and narrow), lack of capacity (e.g., low number of possible IDs, reflecting the outmoded narrow context), lack of extensibility (no features defined and reserved against future needs), and lack of specificity and disambiguating capability (related to the context shift, where longstanding uniqueness encounters novel nonuniqueness). Within computer science, this problem is called naming collision. The story of the origination and expansion of the CODEN system provides a good case example in a recent-decades, technical-nomenclature context. The capitalization variations seen with specific designators reveals an instance of this problem occurring in natural languages, where the proper noun/common noun distinction (and its complications) must be dealt with. A universe in which every object had a UID would not need any namespaces, which is to say that it would constitute one gigantic namespace; but human minds could never keep track of, or semantically interrelate, so many UIDs.
Identifiers in various disciplines[edit]
Identifier | Scope |
---|---|
atomic number, corresponding one-to-one with element name | international (via ISV) |
Australian Business Number | Australian |
CAGE code | U.S. and NATO |
CAS registry number | originated in U.S.; today international (via ISV) |
CODEN | originated in U.S.; today international |
Digital object identifier (DOI, doi) | Handle SystemNamespace, international scope |
DIN standard number | originated in Germany; today international |
E number | originated in E.U.; may be seen internationally |
EC number | |
Employer Identification Number (EIN) | U.S. |
Electronic Identifier Serial Publicaction (EISP) | international |
Global Trade Item Number | international |
Group identifier | many scopes, e.g., specific computer systems |
International Chemical Identifier | international |
International Standard Book Number (ISBN) | ISBN is part of the EANNamespace; international scope |
International eBook Identifier Number (IEIN) | international |
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) | international |
ISO standard number, e.g., ISO 8601 | international |
Library of Congress Control Number | U.S., with some international bibliographic usefulness |
Personal identification number | many scopes, e.g., banks, governments |
Personal identification number (Denmark) | Denmark |
Pharmaceutical code | Many different systems |
Product batch number | |
Serial Item and Contribution Identifier | U.S., with some international bibliographic usefulness |
Serial number | many scopes, e.g., company-specific, government-specific |
Service batch number | |
Social Security Number | U.S. |
Tax file number | Australian |
Unique Article Identifier (UAI) | international |
See also[edit]
- Nomenclature – contains various standardized naming systems
- Nomenclature code
- Uniform resource identifier (URI)
References[edit]
Look up identifier in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Identifiers. |
- ^Malik, D. (2014). C++ programming : from problem analysis to program design (7th edition. ed.). Cenage Learning. p. 397. ISBN978-1-285-85274-4.
- ^'The Go Programming Language Specification - The Go Programming Language'. Golang.org. 2013-05-08. Retrieved 2013-06-05.
- ^University of Glasgow. 'Procedure for Applying Identifiers to Documents'. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
- ^University of Pennsylvania. 'Information on Chemical Nomenclature'. Retrieved 28 April 2009.